The Lengthening Tail of Search Engine Optimization
What Makes the Tail Grow?
There was an interesting story in The Wall Street Journal yesterday about the search engine optimization (SEO) industry. The article used simple language to give concise, straightforward pointers without going overboard with the technical details. Overall, a recommended read for anyone who regularly creates content for the web.
There was one pretty major point that didn’t really get covered though: How do you choose the right terms to get the right traffic. While it is all well and good to go by their easy-to-follow steps for optimizing your content, you won’t get very far if you haven’t made the right choices with respect to your search terms. In fact, you might have a hard time seeing the results at all.
When counseling our clients, the one concept I emphasize more than any other is the idea of the “Long Tail“. The term Long Tail was coined (or perhaps capitalized and made popular) in a Wired magazine article in 2004 by Chris Anderson. In search engine optimization, it refers to the notion that, while a lot of people may start off searching for one common term, they keep refocusing their term to be more specific until they find the results they desire. If you can optimize for these less-obvious terms, the amount of searchers lessens exponentially but the actual traffic you get goes up (and most likely the traffic will be a higher quality with more turnover).
For example, optimizing your site for “Public Relations” may sound like a good idea at first if you want to be sure people looking to work at or hire a public relations firm in the city can find you. Chances are you will change your mind when you Google that term for yourself and see the ocean of results amongst which you will be swimming.
Given the imprecision of the “Public Relations” search term, it is going to be rather hard to get your site to rank well – and if you don’t rank well for that term, you won’t get any traffic at all from your effort. On top of that, even if you do rank well and get a lot of traffic, most of that traffic won’t be particularly useful to you anyway because the searcher stumbled onto your site by searching too broadly and most probably isn’t really looking for what you have to offer. That’s not to suggest that you shouldn’t bother optimizing for the broad “Public Relations” term. After all, it could still bring in some useful traffic. Just don’t waste too much time on it.
For example, consider how you will narrow down search results if you optimize for “New York Public Relations Firm“. Now that you have honed in tighter, a much higher percentage of searchers coming to your site will be the right ones, people actually looking for your services. This idea could be carried further with terms like “New York Public Relations Firm Website Design” or “New York Public Relations Firm Blogging” as examples. And with less competition for the term, you have a better chance of obtaining a high search rank.
The goal is to try to find the right combination of select terms that the people you target would likely search under, but that not every site out there would already be optimized for.
Tools
There are a ton of tools out there for the purposes of search engine optimization and a lot that can help you decide on quality terms, but I am only going to mention a few basic ones.
The omnipotent Google has a great free Keyword Tool to help determine good terms built into their adwords program. It allows you to see how many searches are done for a term in a month and how many people are buying ads for that term, so you can weigh the two together and ideally find good terms where the ratio is in favor of the number of searches. This is not the end-all determinate by any means, but a good first step. Google also has their Google Trends site that shows you search trends for terms over a period of time which can be very educational in this process as well.
The Overture (now “a Yahoo! company”) Keyword Selector Tool is a simple, classic, and easy-to-use tool for gauging the popularity of a term. Once you determine popular terms, you can then search for them to get a sense of the competition, how other sites are optimizing for your choice terms, and then determine whether you have a shot at a strong ranking if you use that term yourself.
Both of these tools are a great start. An added feature – which admittedly can be overwhelming at first – is that they both suggest other related terms to the one you are using. A third all-in-one tool that is not free is Wordtracker. I have mixed feelings about this site. It does help you quickly come up with information from one source; however, the interface is boggey and not very friendly and they use unintuitive terminology which can be extremely confusing. They also like to split up terms based on capitalization, which I find complicates things even more.
Rome wasn’t built in a day and your website won’t end up on the front page of Google tomorrow either. An important first step to creating the traffic you’re looking for is to put some thought into the menu of terms that will bring people to your site. Spending the time to do your homework at the beginning to figure out these terms can pay out huge in the long run. Good luck!